30 TPD SUNFLOWER EDIBLE OIL

30 TPD SUNFLOWER EDIBLE OIL MINI-REFINERY + FILLING LINE

RECEIPT OF CRUDE OIL
DEGUMMING OF CRUDE OIL
WINTERIZATION OF CRUDE OIL
NEUTRALIZATION
OIL WASHING
OIL DRYING
OIL BLEACHING
DEODORIZATION
OIL COOLING
FILLING

1. Analysis of the existing situation

1. RECEIPT OF CRUDE OIL
The reception of crude oil from tankers is carried out by means of a hose with a quick coupling, in three tanks of 46m each. Reception is done with pump P-01 with a capacity of approx. 35 m³/h (according to the technological scheme). The tank fills up in about 20 minutes.
2. DEGUMMING OF CRUDE OIL
The oil is transferred by the P-01 pump (oil flow regulation using a group of valves) to the deguminator, which is filled to a level of 10 m³.
After that, the oil is heated with steam at a pressure of 3-5 bar through a tube snake in the apparatus, with stirring, to a temperature of 60°C. Add 0.1% H.PO, (8 - 10 l) and 40 l of warm water.
The addition is made directly through the suction of the P-02 pump, without showering, in a time interval of 15 minutes with constant mixing.
After that, the mixing is stopped and the mass stands for 30 minutes. The next operation is the addition of water at a temperature of 80°C in the amount of 10-15% (1,500 l), by showering. Decanting is done for 30-40 minutes. After 60 minutes, the sediment is drained.
The mucus and water are drained into the decanter. After degumming, the oil is cooled in the deguminator with well water at a temperature of around 15°C.
3. WINTERIZATION OF CRUDE OIL
The oil is transferred from the deguminator to the first crystallizer with tube snakes, pump P-02.
The mixer is turned on, the oil cools down to a temperature of 5-6°C.
During cooling, NaCO3 (sodium carbonate) dissolved in water in the amount of 0.1% (1,000 ppm) is added.
Cooling is carried out from a temperature of 60-65°C to a temperature of 5-6°S, which is achieved in about 12-15 hours using ice water at a temperature of +3°S. prepared in a freon chiller (R22) of orientation strength approx. 45-50,000 Kcal/h
When a temperature of 5-6°C is reached, the oil remains in the crystallizers for another 2-3 hours.
The same procedure is repeated on the second crystallizer.

4. NEUTRALIZATION
After winterization, the oil, which has a temperature of 5-6°C, reaches the mixer using the P-03 pump, where NaOH 15-16 V'e is added to it.
After the mixer, the oil comes to the separator, where soaps and waxes are separated from the oil. The oil after neutralization contains 5,000 to 6,000 ppm of soap (so far the best result was 3,000 ppm of soap).
SMK of neutral oil is about 0.15% and oil moisture is about 0.5%. The mixture of soapy water and waxes, after being separated on the separator, is transferred with a pump to the U decanter, where the withdrawn neutral oil is partially separated and returned with the P-03 pump for winterization. After neutralization, the oil goes to the intermediate tank R-05 or directly to bleaching in the bleacher.
5. OIL WASHING
When the oil reaches the bleacher, it is first washed by filling the bleacher up to 10 m³. When the apparatus is full, steam heating is turned on through the pipe snake in the apparatus, and the oil is heated to a temperature of 90°C.
Turn on the mixer and add hot water of 90°C by showering while stirring. Water is added in an amount of 20% compared to the oil (2,000 l). The mixer is turned off and the oil is allowed to stand and decant for 30 minutes. After decantation, soapy water is discharged. After the first wash, 1,500-2,000 ppm of soap is immediately achieved.
After the second wash, up to 1,300 ppm of soap is immediately achieved. Further washing is carried out until 400 ppm of soap remains in the oil.
6. OIL DRYING
Oil drying takes place in the bleacher by turning on the vacuum pump. A vacuum is established at 05, 06 bar. The oil is heated to 110°C with steam using steam. The oil is considered dry when the suction tube of the vacuum pump is cold.
7. OIL BLEACHING
When the oil is dried, the bleaching process is started,
The preparation is done in a mixer, three sacks of bleaching earth (75 kg), mixed with about 200 pipes, which is about 0.1% in relation to the total amount of oil. When the mass is homogenized, it is added to the egg white from above The reaction takes place for about 30 minutes with constant stirring. After that, the vacuum is turned off.
Pump 1-04 is turned on, the oil is transferred to the filter frame press F-01, where the bleaching earth is removed.

When that rope on the filter becomes full, it is stored in R. 06. WAON for analysis in the laboratory. Soap analysis is being done, preference is given to O soaps
SMK 0.22%
Waxes in tragovnyh.
8. DEODORIZATION
The total volume of the deodorizer is 8-18 m². After bleaching, the oil is transferred to deodorization. The slag is filled up to 10 m³ so that the heating coils are submerged The spirals and dezo are made of black material. A vacuum is established using a vacuum pump up to 0.9 bar.
When it is filled to the spirals, the oil is heated up to 110°C.
Upon reaching a temperature of 110°C, turn on direct steam bubbling
Then the sector is switched on, the oil is heated to 160°C using mineral oil via heating spirals, and a vacuum of 5 mm is achieved with the steam sector.

mercury column.
The oil is then continued to be heated to 205 210 °C.
There is no measurement of the amount of direct steam but the amount is regulated by not allowing the vacuum to fall above 5
Deodorization lasts 4-5 hours. mm of mercury column.
Before deodorization stops, add 1-2 kg of citric acid solution.
When the oil is ready, the vacuum on the ejector is interrupted.
The vacuum pump remains running. Thermal oil cools edible oil to 170°C 180°S.
The vacuum is interrupted and the vacuum is turned off. After deodorization, oil analyzes are performed: Peroxide number 0 pump.
Cold test traces Oil is transferred to the cooler with a gear pump.
9. OIL COOLING
Before transferring the oil from the deodorizer, the refrigerator is placed under vacuum. Using a vacuum pump, the vacuum is 0.5 bar.
The oil is cooled to a temperature of 20-22°C:
Cooling takes place with cold water through pipe snakes with constant mixing
When the oil cools down, a sample of the cooled oil is taken and tested
-peroxide is 0.5 mmol.
After cooling, the oil is recirculated through the polishing filter until it becomes clear
from polymers and other impurities.

After that, it is transferred via the nitrogen addition system to a 6 m³ tank in the tap plant. Nitrogen is added in the amount of 0.2 m³ per 1 m³ of oil. From the tank, the oil is further filled in PET packaging 1/1 liter, on the edible oil filling line with a capacity of about 2-3,000 lit/hour, which is located in a separate room with the tank.
A diagram of the found state of the factory, as well as a drawing of the current layout of the equipment, can be found in the graphic attachments Drawing no. 2 technological scheme of the current state Drawing no. 5 arrangement of equipment existing condition.